[pve-devel] [PATCH qemu-server v9 1/3] add C program to get hardware capabilities from CPUID

[Markus Frank]

Implement a systemd service that runs a C program that extracts AMD
SEV hardware information such as reduced-phys-bios and cbitpos from
CPUID at boot time, looks if SEV, SEV-ES & SEV-SNP are enabled, and
outputs these details as JSON to /run/qemu-server/hw-params.json.

This programm can also be used to read and save other hardware
information at boot time.

Signed-off-by: Markus Frank <m.frank at proxmox.com>
Co-authored-by: Thomas Lamprecht <t.lamprecht at proxmox.com>
---
v9:
* added directory existance check
* print error messages

v8:
* renamed query-machine-params to query-machine-capabilities

v7:
* renamed amd-sev-support to query-machine-params
* mv /run/amd-sev-params to /run/qemu-server/hw-params.json
* add "mkdir /run/qemu-server" to ensure that the directory exists
* moved json content to amd-sev property inside a bigger json
 so that other hardware parameters could also be read at boot time and
 included in this json file.


 Makefile                                      |  1 +
 query-machine-capabilities/Makefile           | 21 ++++++
 .../query-machine-capabilities.c              | 71 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../query-machine-capabilities.service        | 12 ++++
 4 files changed, 105 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 query-machine-capabilities/Makefile
 create mode 100644 query-machine-capabilities/query-machine-capabilities.c
 create mode 100644 query-machine-capabilities/query-machine-capabilities.service

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 133468d..ed67fe0 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ install: $(PKGSOURCES)
 	install -m 0644 -D bootsplash.jpg $(DESTDIR)/usr/share/$(PACKAGE)
 	$(MAKE) -C PVE install
 	$(MAKE) -C qmeventd install
+	$(MAKE) -C query-machine-capabilities install
 	$(MAKE) -C qemu-configs install
 	$(MAKE) -C vm-network-scripts install
 	install -m 0755 qm $(DESTDIR)$(SBINDIR)
diff --git a/query-machine-capabilities/Makefile b/query-machine-capabilities/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5f6348
--- /dev/null
+++ b/query-machine-capabilities/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+DESTDIR=
+PREFIX=/usr
+SBINDIR=${PREFIX}/libexec/qemu-server
+SERVICEDIR=/lib/systemd/system
+
+CC ?= gcc
+CFLAGS += -O2 -fanalyzer -Werror -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic -Wtype-limits -Wl,-z,relro -std=gnu11
+
+query-machine-capabilities: query-machine-capabilities.c
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $< $(LDFLAGS)
+
+.PHONY: install
+install: query-machine-capabilities
+	install -d ${DESTDIR}/${SBINDIR}
+	install -d ${DESTDIR}${SERVICEDIR}
+	install -m 0644 query-machine-capabilities.service ${DESTDIR}${SERVICEDIR}
+	install -m 0755 query-machine-capabilities ${DESTDIR}${SBINDIR}
+
+.PHONY: clean
+clean:
+	rm -f query-machine-capabilities
diff --git a/query-machine-capabilities/query-machine-capabilities.c b/query-machine-capabilities/query-machine-capabilities.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b8c59f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/query-machine-capabilities/query-machine-capabilities.c
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+int main() {
+    uint32_t eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
+
+    // query Encrypted Memory Capabilities, see:
+    // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID#EAX=8000001Fh:_Encrypted_Memory_Capabilities
+    uint32_t query_function = 0x8000001F;
+    asm volatile("cpuid"
+	 : "=a"(eax), "=b"(ebx), "=c"(ecx), "=d"(edx)
+	 : "0"(query_function)
+    );
+
+    bool sev_support = (eax & (1<<1)) != 0;
+    bool sev_es_support = (eax & (1<<3)) != 0;
+    bool sev_snp_support = (eax & (1<<4)) != 0;
+
+    uint8_t cbitpos = ebx & 0x3f;
+    uint8_t reduced_phys_bits = (ebx >> 6) & 0x3f;
+
+    const char *path = "/run/qemu-server/";
+    // Check that the directory exists and create it if it does not.
+    struct stat statbuf;
+    int stats = stat(path, &statbuf);
+    if (stats == 0 && S_ISDIR(statbuf.st_mode)) {
+	printf("Directory %s already exists.\n", path);
+    } else if (errno == ENOENT) {
+	printf("%s does not exist. Creating directory.\n", path);
+	if (mkdir(path, 0755) != 0) {
+	    printf("Error creating directory %s: %s\n", path, strerror(errno));
+	    return 1;
+	}
+    } else {
+	printf("Error checking path %s: %s\n", path, strerror(errno));
+	return 1;
+    }
+
+    FILE *file;
+    const char *filename = "/run/qemu-server/host-hw-capabilities.json";
+    file = fopen(filename, "w");
+    if (file == NULL) {
+	perror("Error opening file");
+	return 1;
+    }
+
+    fprintf(file,
+	"{"
+	" \"amd-sev\": {"
+	" \"cbitpos\": %u,"
+	" \"reduced-phys-bits\": %u,"
+	" \"sev-support\": %s,"
+	" \"sev-support-es\": %s,"
+	" \"sev-support-snp\": %s"
+	" }"
+	" }\n",
+	cbitpos,
+	reduced_phys_bits,
+	sev_support ? "true" : "false",
+	sev_es_support ? "true" : "false",
+	sev_snp_support ? "true" : "false"
+    );
+
+    fclose(file);
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/query-machine-capabilities/query-machine-capabilities.service b/query-machine-capabilities/query-machine-capabilities.service
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f926074
--- /dev/null
+++ b/query-machine-capabilities/query-machine-capabilities.service
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=read AMD SEV parameters
+RequiresMountsFor=/run
+Before=pve-ha-lrm.service
+Before=pve-guests.service
+
+[Service]
+ExecStart=/usr/libexec/qemu-server/query-machine-capabilities
+Type=oneshot
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
-- 
2.39.2