[pbs-devel] [PATCH v2 proxmox-apt 01/10] initial commit

Fabian Ebner f.ebner at proxmox.com
Fri Feb 26 16:09:50 CET 2021


This create is inteded to hold the code to interact with APT repositories and
packages.

Starting off with code for parsing and writing .list and .sources repository
configuration files. The parser is partially inspired by the network
configuration parser in proxmox-backup, but it does not use a lexer,
because there's not much variation in how things are to be parsed.

Signed-off-by: Fabian Ebner <f.ebner at proxmox.com>
---

Changes from v1:
    * Switched from Perl to Rust.
    * Split things by whitespace instead of using regexes everywhere,
      being the cleaner approach.
    * Used PascalCase for all keys for consistency.
    * File type is now also explicitly returned.
    * Added a writer and tests.
    * The options are not a hash anymore, because it's necessary to keep
      the same order when writing them back out (i.e. Languages-Add
      Languages-Remove)

 .cargo/config                                 |   5 +
 .gitignore                                    |   3 +
 Cargo.toml                                    |  22 ++
 rustfmt.toml                                  |   1 +
 src/lib.rs                                    |   3 +
 src/repositories/check.rs                     |  47 ++++
 src/repositories/list_parser.rs               | 181 +++++++++++++
 src/repositories/mod.rs                       | 246 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/repositories/sources_parser.rs            | 217 +++++++++++++++
 src/repositories/writer.rs                    |  89 +++++++
 src/types.rs                                  | 197 ++++++++++++++
 tests/repositories.rs                         |  73 ++++++
 .../sources.list.d.expected/multiline.sources |   8 +
 .../options_comment.list                      |   3 +
 .../pbs-enterprise.list                       |   2 +
 tests/sources.list.d.expected/pve.list        |  13 +
 tests/sources.list.d.expected/standard.list   |   7 +
 .../sources.list.d.expected/standard.sources  |  11 +
 tests/sources.list.d/multiline.sources        |   9 +
 tests/sources.list.d/options_comment.list     |   2 +
 tests/sources.list.d/pbs-enterprise.list      |   1 +
 tests/sources.list.d/pve.list                 |  10 +
 tests/sources.list.d/standard.list            |   6 +
 tests/sources.list.d/standard.sources         |  10 +
 24 files changed, 1166 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 .cargo/config
 create mode 100644 .gitignore
 create mode 100644 Cargo.toml
 create mode 100644 rustfmt.toml
 create mode 100644 src/lib.rs
 create mode 100644 src/repositories/check.rs
 create mode 100644 src/repositories/list_parser.rs
 create mode 100644 src/repositories/mod.rs
 create mode 100644 src/repositories/sources_parser.rs
 create mode 100644 src/repositories/writer.rs
 create mode 100644 src/types.rs
 create mode 100644 tests/repositories.rs
 create mode 100644 tests/sources.list.d.expected/multiline.sources
 create mode 100644 tests/sources.list.d.expected/options_comment.list
 create mode 100644 tests/sources.list.d.expected/pbs-enterprise.list
 create mode 100644 tests/sources.list.d.expected/pve.list
 create mode 100644 tests/sources.list.d.expected/standard.list
 create mode 100644 tests/sources.list.d.expected/standard.sources
 create mode 100644 tests/sources.list.d/multiline.sources
 create mode 100644 tests/sources.list.d/options_comment.list
 create mode 100644 tests/sources.list.d/pbs-enterprise.list
 create mode 100644 tests/sources.list.d/pve.list
 create mode 100644 tests/sources.list.d/standard.list
 create mode 100644 tests/sources.list.d/standard.sources

diff --git a/.cargo/config b/.cargo/config
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b5b6e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.cargo/config
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[source]
+[source.debian-packages]
+directory = "/usr/share/cargo/registry"
+[source.crates-io]
+replace-with = "debian-packages"
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d00c41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Cargo.lock
+target/
+tests/sources.list.d.actual
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a0ecc26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+[package]
+name = "proxmox-apt"
+version = "0.1.0"
+authors = [
+    "Fabian Ebner <f.ebner at proxmox.com>",
+    "Proxmox Support Team <support at proxmox.com>",
+]
+edition = "2018"
+license = "AGPL-3"
+description = "Proxmox library for APT"
+homepage = "https://www.proxmox.com"
+
+exclude = [ "debian" ]
+
+[lib]
+name = "proxmox_apt"
+path = "src/lib.rs"
+
+[dependencies]
+anyhow = "1.0"
+proxmox = { version = "0.11.0", features = [ "api-macro" ] }
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
diff --git a/rustfmt.toml b/rustfmt.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32a9786
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rustfmt.toml
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+edition = "2018"
diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b065c0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+pub mod types;
+
+pub mod repositories;
diff --git a/src/repositories/check.rs b/src/repositories/check.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87fbbac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/repositories/check.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+use anyhow::{bail, Error};
+
+use crate::types::{APTRepository, APTRepositoryFileType};
+
+impl APTRepository {
+    /// Makes sure that all basic properties of a repository are present and
+    /// not obviously invalid.
+    pub fn basic_check(&self) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        if self.types.is_empty() {
+            bail!("missing package type(s)");
+        }
+        if self.uris.is_empty() {
+            bail!("missing URI(s)");
+        }
+        if self.suites.is_empty() {
+            bail!("missing suite(s)");
+        }
+
+        for uri in self.uris.iter() {
+            if !uri.contains(':') || uri.len() < 3 {
+                bail!("invalid URI: '{}'", uri);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for suite in self.suites.iter() {
+            if !suite.ends_with('/') && self.components.is_empty() {
+                bail!("missing component(s)");
+            } else if suite.ends_with('/') && !self.components.is_empty() {
+                bail!("absolute suite '{}' does not allow component(s)", suite);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if self.file_type == APTRepositoryFileType::List {
+            if self.types.len() > 1 {
+                bail!("more than one package type");
+            }
+            if self.uris.len() > 1 {
+                bail!("more than one URI");
+            }
+            if self.suites.len() > 1 {
+                bail!("more than one suite");
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/repositories/list_parser.rs b/src/repositories/list_parser.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b26fed2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/repositories/list_parser.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+use std::convert::TryInto;
+use std::io::BufRead;
+use std::iter::{Iterator, Peekable};
+use std::str::SplitAsciiWhitespace;
+
+use anyhow::{bail, Error};
+
+use super::APTRepositoryParser;
+use crate::types::{APTRepository, APTRepositoryFileType, APTRepositoryOption};
+
+pub struct APTListFileParser<R: BufRead> {
+    path: String,
+    input: R,
+    line_nr: usize,
+    comment: String,
+}
+
+impl<R: BufRead> APTListFileParser<R> {
+    pub fn new(path: String, reader: R) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            path,
+            input: reader,
+            line_nr: 0,
+            comment: String::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Helper to parse options from the existing token stream.
+    /// Also returns `Ok(())` if there are no options.
+    /// Errors when options are invalid or not closed by `']'`.
+    fn parse_options(
+        options: &mut Vec<APTRepositoryOption>,
+        tokens: &mut Peekable<SplitAsciiWhitespace>,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        let mut option = match tokens.peek() {
+            Some(token) => {
+                match token.strip_prefix('[') {
+                    Some(option) => option,
+                    None => return Ok(()), // doesn't look like options
+                }
+            }
+            None => return Ok(()),
+        };
+
+        tokens.next(); // avoid reading the beginning twice
+
+        let mut finished = false;
+        loop {
+            if let Some(stripped) = option.strip_suffix(']') {
+                option = stripped;
+                if option.is_empty() {
+                    break;
+                }
+                finished = true; // but still need to handle the last one
+            };
+
+            if let Some(mid) = option.find('=') {
+                let (key, mut value_str) = option.split_at(mid);
+                value_str = &value_str[1..];
+
+                if key.is_empty() {
+                    bail!("option with value '{}' has no key", value_str);
+                } else if value_str.is_empty() {
+                    bail!("option with key '{}' has no value", key);
+                }
+
+                let values: Vec<String> = value_str
+                    .split(',')
+                    .map(|value| value.to_string())
+                    .collect();
+
+                options.push(APTRepositoryOption {
+                    key: key.to_string(),
+                    values,
+                });
+            } else if !option.is_empty() {
+                bail!("got invalid option - '{}'", option);
+            }
+
+            if finished {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            option = match tokens.next() {
+                Some(option) => option,
+                None => bail!("options not closed by ']'"),
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Parse a repository or comment in one-line format.
+    /// Commented out repositories are also detected and returned with the
+    /// `enabled` property set to `false`.
+    /// If the line contains a repository, `self.comment` is added to the
+    /// `comment` property.
+    /// If the line contains a comment, it is added to `self.comment`.
+    fn parse_one_line(&mut self, mut line: &str) -> Result<Option<APTRepository>, Error> {
+        line = line.trim_matches(|c| char::is_ascii_whitespace(&c));
+
+        // check for commented out repository first
+        if let Some(commented_out) = line.strip_prefix('#') {
+            if let Ok(Some(mut repo)) = self.parse_one_line(commented_out) {
+                repo.set_enabled(false);
+                return Ok(Some(repo));
+            }
+        }
+
+        let mut repo =
+            APTRepository::new(self.path.clone(), self.line_nr, APTRepositoryFileType::List);
+
+        // now handle "real" comment
+        if let Some(comment_start) = line.find('#') {
+            let (line_start, comment) = line.split_at(comment_start);
+            self.comment = format!("{}{}\n", self.comment, &comment[1..]);
+            line = line_start;
+        }
+
+        let mut tokens = line.split_ascii_whitespace().peekable();
+
+        match tokens.next() {
+            Some(package_type) => {
+                repo.types.push(package_type.try_into()?);
+            }
+            None => return Ok(None), // empty line
+        }
+
+        Self::parse_options(&mut repo.options, &mut tokens)?;
+
+        match tokens.next() {
+            Some(uri) => repo.uris.push(uri.to_string()),
+            None => bail!("got no URI"),
+        };
+
+        match tokens.next() {
+            Some(suite) => repo.suites.push(suite.to_string()),
+            None => bail!("got no suite"),
+        };
+
+        for component in tokens {
+            repo.components.push(component.to_string());
+        }
+
+        repo.comment = self.comment.clone();
+
+        Ok(Some(repo))
+    }
+}
+
+impl<R: BufRead> APTRepositoryParser for APTListFileParser<R> {
+    fn parse_repositories(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<APTRepository>, Error> {
+        let mut repositories = Vec::<APTRepository>::new();
+        let mut line = String::new();
+
+        loop {
+            self.line_nr += 1;
+            line.clear();
+
+            match self.input.read_line(&mut line) {
+                Err(err) => bail!("input error for '{}' - {}", self.path, err),
+                Ok(0) => break,
+                Ok(_) => match self.parse_one_line(&line) {
+                    Ok(Some(repo)) => {
+                        repositories.push(repo);
+                        self.comment.clear();
+                    }
+                    Ok(None) => continue,
+                    Err(err) => bail!(
+                        "malformed entry in '{}' line {} - {}",
+                        self.path,
+                        self.line_nr,
+                        err,
+                    ),
+                },
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(repositories)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/repositories/mod.rs b/src/repositories/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..123222a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/repositories/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+use std::convert::TryFrom;
+use std::ffi::OsString;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+use anyhow::{bail, format_err, Error};
+
+use crate::types::{APTRepository, APTRepositoryFileType, APTRepositoryOption};
+
+mod list_parser;
+use list_parser::APTListFileParser;
+
+mod sources_parser;
+use sources_parser::APTSourcesFileParser;
+
+mod check;
+mod writer;
+
+const APT_SOURCES_LIST_FILENAME: &str = "/etc/apt/sources.list";
+const APT_SOURCES_LIST_DIRECTORY: &str = "/etc/apt/sources.list.d/";
+
+impl APTRepository {
+    /// Crates an empty repository with infomration that is known before parsing.
+    fn new(path: String, number: usize, file_type: APTRepositoryFileType) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            types: vec![],
+            uris: vec![],
+            suites: vec![],
+            components: vec![],
+            options: vec![],
+            comment: String::new(),
+            path,
+            number,
+            file_type,
+            enabled: true,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Changes the `enabled` flag and makes sure the `Enabled` option for
+    /// `APTRepositoryPackageType::Sources` repositories is updated too.
+    fn set_enabled(&mut self, enabled: bool) {
+        self.enabled = enabled;
+
+        if self.file_type == APTRepositoryFileType::Sources {
+            let enabled_string = match enabled {
+                true => "true".to_string(),
+                false => "false".to_string(),
+            };
+            for option in self.options.iter_mut() {
+                if option.key == "Enabled" {
+                    option.values = vec![enabled_string];
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+            self.options.push(APTRepositoryOption {
+                key: "Enabled".to_string(),
+                values: vec![enabled_string],
+            });
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+trait APTRepositoryParser {
+    /// Parse all repositories including the disabled ones.
+    fn parse_repositories(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<APTRepository>, Error>;
+}
+
+/// Helper to decide whether a file name is considered valid by APT and to
+/// extract its file type and the path as a string.
+/// Hidden files yield `Ok(None)`, while invalid file names yield an error.
+fn check_filename<P: AsRef<Path>>(
+    path: P,
+) -> Result<Option<(APTRepositoryFileType, String)>, OsString> {
+    let path: PathBuf = path.as_ref().to_path_buf();
+    let path_string = path.clone().into_os_string().into_string()?;
+
+    let file_name = match path.file_name() {
+        Some(file_name) => file_name.to_os_string().into_string()?,
+        None => return Err(OsString::from(path_string)),
+    };
+
+    // APT silently ignores hidden files
+    if file_name.starts_with('.') {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+
+    let extension = match path.extension() {
+        Some(extension) => extension.to_os_string().into_string()?,
+        None => return Err(OsString::from(path_string)),
+    };
+
+    let file_type = match APTRepositoryFileType::try_from(&extension[..]) {
+        Ok(file_type) => file_type,
+        _ => return Err(OsString::from(path_string)),
+    };
+
+    // APT ignores such files but issues a warning
+    if !file_name
+        .chars()
+        .all(|x| x.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || x == '_' || x == '-' || x == '.')
+    {
+        return Err(OsString::from(path_string));
+    }
+
+    Ok(Some((file_type, path_string)))
+}
+
+/// Returns all APT repositories configured in the specified files including
+/// disabled ones.
+/// Warns about invalid file names and some format violations, while other
+/// format violations result in an error.
+pub fn repositories_from_files<P: AsRef<Path>>(paths: &[P]) -> Result<Vec<APTRepository>, Error> {
+    let mut repos = Vec::<APTRepository>::new();
+
+    for path in paths.iter() {
+        let path = path.as_ref();
+
+        if !path.is_file() {
+            eprintln!("Ignoring {:?} - not a file", path);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        let file_type;
+        let path_string;
+
+        match check_filename(path) {
+            Ok(Some(res)) => {
+                file_type = res.0;
+                path_string = res.1;
+            }
+            Ok(None) => continue,
+            Err(path) => {
+                eprintln!("Ignoring {:?} - invalid file name", path);
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        let contents = std::fs::read(path)
+            .map_err(|err| format_err!("unable to read {:?} - {}", path, err))?;
+
+        let mut parser: Box<dyn APTRepositoryParser> = match file_type {
+            APTRepositoryFileType::List => {
+                Box::new(APTListFileParser::new(path_string, &contents[..]))
+            }
+            APTRepositoryFileType::Sources => {
+                Box::new(APTSourcesFileParser::new(path_string, &contents[..]))
+            }
+        };
+
+        repos.append(&mut parser.parse_repositories()?);
+    }
+
+    for repo in repos.iter() {
+        repo.basic_check().map_err(|err| {
+            format_err!("check for {}:{} failed - {}", repo.path, repo.number, err)
+        })?;
+    }
+
+    Ok(repos)
+}
+
+/// Returns all APT repositories configured in `/etc/apt/sources.list` and
+/// in `/etc/apt/sources.list.d` including disabled repositories.
+/// Warns about invalid file names and some format violations, while other
+/// format violations result in an error.
+pub fn repositories() -> Result<Vec<APTRepository>, Error> {
+    let mut paths = Vec::<PathBuf>::new();
+
+    let sources_list_path = PathBuf::from(APT_SOURCES_LIST_FILENAME);
+    if sources_list_path.is_file() {
+        paths.push(sources_list_path)
+    };
+
+    let sources_list_d_path = PathBuf::from(APT_SOURCES_LIST_DIRECTORY);
+    if sources_list_d_path.is_dir() {
+        for entry in std::fs::read_dir(sources_list_d_path)? {
+            paths.push(entry?.path());
+        }
+    }
+
+    let repos = repositories_from_files(&paths)?;
+
+    Ok(repos)
+}
+
+/// Write the repositories to the respective files specified by their
+/// `path` property and in the order determined by their `number` property.
+/// Does a `check::basic_check(repository)` for each repository first.
+pub fn write_repositories<A: AsRef<APTRepository>>(repos: &[A]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    let mut repos: Vec<&APTRepository> = repos.iter().map(|repo| repo.as_ref()).collect();
+
+    // check before writing
+    for repo in repos.iter() {
+        repo.basic_check().map_err(|err| {
+            format_err!("check for {}:{} failed - {}", repo.path, repo.number, err)
+        })?;
+    }
+
+    repos.sort_by(|a, b| {
+        if a.path == b.path {
+            a.number.cmp(&b.number)
+        } else {
+            a.path.cmp(&b.path)
+        }
+    });
+
+    let mut files = BTreeMap::<String, Vec<u8>>::new();
+
+    for repo in repos.iter() {
+        let raw = match files.get_mut(&repo.path) {
+            Some(raw) => raw,
+            None => {
+                files.insert(repo.path.clone(), vec![]);
+                files.get_mut(&repo.path).unwrap()
+            }
+        };
+
+        repo.write(&mut *raw)
+            .map_err(|err| format_err!("writing {}:{} failed - {}", repo.path, repo.number, err))?;
+    }
+
+    for (path, content) in files.iter() {
+        let path = PathBuf::from(path);
+        let dir = path.parent().unwrap();
+
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(dir)
+            .map_err(|err| format_err!("unable to create dir {:?} - {}", dir, err))?;
+
+        let pid = std::process::id();
+        let mut tmp_path = path.clone();
+        tmp_path.set_extension("tmp");
+        tmp_path.set_extension(format!("{}", pid));
+
+        if let Err(err) = std::fs::write(&tmp_path, &content) {
+            let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&tmp_path);
+            bail!("write failed: {}", err);
+        }
+
+        if let Err(err) = std::fs::rename(&tmp_path, &path) {
+            let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&tmp_path);
+            bail!("rename failed for {:?} - {}", path, err);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/src/repositories/sources_parser.rs b/src/repositories/sources_parser.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fdfe603
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/repositories/sources_parser.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+use std::convert::TryInto;
+use std::io::BufRead;
+use std::iter::Iterator;
+
+use anyhow::{bail, Error};
+
+use crate::types::{
+    APTRepository, APTRepositoryFileType, APTRepositoryOption, APTRepositoryPackageType,
+};
+
+use super::APTRepositoryParser;
+
+pub struct APTSourcesFileParser<R: BufRead> {
+    path: String,
+    input: R,
+    stanza_nr: usize,
+    comment: String,
+}
+
+/// See `man sources.list` and `man deb822` for the format specification.
+impl<R: BufRead> APTSourcesFileParser<R> {
+    pub fn new(path: String, reader: R) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            path,
+            input: reader,
+            stanza_nr: 1,
+            comment: String::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Based on APT's `StringToBool` in `strutl.cc`
+    fn string_to_bool(string: &str, default: bool) -> bool {
+        let string = string.trim_matches(|c| char::is_ascii_whitespace(&c));
+        let string = string.to_lowercase();
+
+        match &string[..] {
+            "1" | "yes" | "true" | "with" | "on" | "enable" => true,
+            "0" | "no" | "false" | "without" | "off" | "disable" => false,
+            _ => default,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Checks if `key` is valid according to deb822
+    fn valid_key(key: &str) -> bool {
+        if key.starts_with('-') {
+            return false;
+        };
+        return key.chars().all(|c| matches!(c, '!'..='9' | ';'..='~'));
+    }
+
+    /// Try parsing a repository in stanza format from `lines`.
+    /// Returns `Ok(None)` when no stanza can be found.
+    /// Comments are added to `self.comments`. If a stanza can be found,
+    /// `self.comment` is added to the repository's `comment` property.
+    /// Fully commented out stanzas are treated as comments.
+    fn parse_stanza(&mut self, lines: &str) -> Result<Option<APTRepository>, Error> {
+        let mut repo = APTRepository::new(
+            self.path.clone(),
+            self.stanza_nr,
+            APTRepositoryFileType::Sources,
+        );
+
+        // Values may be folded into multiple lines.
+        // Those lines have to start with a space or a tab.
+        let lines = lines.replace("\n ", " ");
+        let lines = lines.replace("\n\t", " ");
+
+        let mut got_something = false;
+
+        for line in lines.lines() {
+            let line = line.trim_matches(|c| char::is_ascii_whitespace(&c));
+            if line.is_empty() {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if let Some(commented_out) = line.strip_prefix('#') {
+                self.comment = format!("{}{}\n", self.comment, commented_out);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if let Some(mid) = line.find(':') {
+                let (key, value_str) = line.split_at(mid);
+                let value_str = &value_str[1..];
+                let key = key.trim_matches(|c| char::is_ascii_whitespace(&c));
+
+                if key.is_empty() {
+                    bail!("option with value '{}' has no key", value_str);
+                } else if value_str.is_empty() {
+                    // ignored by APT
+                    eprintln!("option with key '{}' has no value", key);
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if !Self::valid_key(key) {
+                    // ignored by APT
+                    eprintln!("option with invalid key '{}'", key);
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                let values: Vec<String> = value_str
+                    .split_ascii_whitespace()
+                    .map(|value| value.to_string())
+                    .collect();
+
+                match key {
+                    "Types" => {
+                        let mut types = Vec::<APTRepositoryPackageType>::new();
+                        for package_type in values {
+                            types.push((&package_type[..]).try_into()?);
+                        }
+                        if !repo.types.is_empty() {
+                            eprintln!("key 'Types' was defined twice");
+                        }
+                        repo.types = types;
+                    }
+                    "URIs" => {
+                        if !repo.uris.is_empty() {
+                            eprintln!("key 'URIs' was defined twice");
+                        }
+                        repo.uris = values;
+                    }
+                    "Suites" => {
+                        if !repo.suites.is_empty() {
+                            eprintln!("key 'Suites' was defined twice");
+                        }
+                        repo.suites = values;
+                    }
+                    "Components" => {
+                        if !repo.components.is_empty() {
+                            eprintln!("key 'Components' was defined twice");
+                        }
+                        repo.components = values;
+                    }
+                    "Enabled" => {
+                        repo.set_enabled(Self::string_to_bool(value_str, true));
+                    }
+                    _ => repo.options.push(APTRepositoryOption {
+                        key: key.to_string(),
+                        values,
+                    }),
+                }
+            } else {
+                bail!("got invalid line - '{:?}'", line);
+            }
+
+            got_something = true;
+        }
+
+        if !got_something {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+
+        repo.comment = self.comment.clone();
+
+        Ok(Some(repo))
+    }
+
+    /// Helper function for `parse_repositories`
+    fn try_parse_stanza(
+        &mut self,
+        lines: &str,
+        repos: &mut Vec<APTRepository>,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        match self.parse_stanza(&lines[..]) {
+            Ok(Some(repo)) => {
+                repos.push(repo);
+                self.comment.clear();
+                self.stanza_nr += 1;
+            }
+            Ok(None) => (),
+            Err(err) => {
+                bail!(
+                    "malformed entry in '{}' stanza {} - {}",
+                    self.path,
+                    self.stanza_nr,
+                    err,
+                );
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<R: BufRead> APTRepositoryParser for APTSourcesFileParser<R> {
+    fn parse_repositories(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<APTRepository>, Error> {
+        let mut repos = Vec::<APTRepository>::new();
+        let mut lines = String::new();
+        let mut offset: usize = 0;
+
+        loop {
+            match self.input.read_line(&mut lines) {
+                Err(err) => bail!("input error for '{}' - {}", self.path, err),
+                Ok(0) => {
+                    self.try_parse_stanza(&lines[..], &mut repos)?;
+                    break;
+                }
+                Ok(bytes_read) => {
+                    if (&lines[offset..])
+                        .trim_matches(|c| char::is_ascii_whitespace(&c))
+                        .is_empty()
+                    {
+                        // detected end of stanza
+
+                        self.try_parse_stanza(&lines[..], &mut repos)?;
+                        lines.clear();
+                        offset = 0;
+                    } else {
+                        offset += bytes_read;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(repos)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/repositories/writer.rs b/src/repositories/writer.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6feb1c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/repositories/writer.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+use std::io::Write;
+
+use anyhow::{bail, Error};
+
+use crate::types::{APTRepository, APTRepositoryFileType};
+
+impl APTRepository {
+    /// Writes a repository in the corresponding format followed by a blank.
+    /// Expects that `basic_check()` for the repository was successful.
+    pub fn write(&self, w: &mut dyn Write) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        match self.file_type {
+            APTRepositoryFileType::List => write_one_line(self, w),
+            APTRepositoryFileType::Sources => write_stanza(self, w),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Writes a repository in one-line format followed by a blank line.
+/// Expects that `repo.file_type == APTRepositoryFileType::List`.
+/// Expects that `basic_check()` for the repository was successful.
+fn write_one_line(repo: &APTRepository, w: &mut dyn Write) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    if repo.file_type != APTRepositoryFileType::List {
+        bail!("not a .list repository");
+    }
+
+    if !repo.comment.is_empty() {
+        for line in repo.comment.lines() {
+            writeln!(w, "#{}", line)?;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if !repo.enabled {
+        write!(w, "# ")?;
+    }
+
+    write!(w, "{} ", String::from(repo.types[0]))?;
+
+    if !repo.options.is_empty() {
+        let option_string = repo
+            .options
+            .iter()
+            .map(|option| format!("{}={}", option.key, option.values.join(",")))
+            .collect::<Vec<String>>()
+            .join(" ");
+
+        write!(w, "[ {} ] ", option_string)?;
+    };
+
+    write!(w, "{} ", repo.uris[0])?;
+    write!(w, "{} ", repo.suites[0])?;
+    writeln!(w, "{}", repo.components.join(" "))?;
+
+    writeln!(w)?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Writes a single stanza followed by a blank line.
+/// Expects that `repo.file_type == APTRepositoryFileType::Sources`.
+fn write_stanza(repo: &APTRepository, w: &mut dyn Write) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    if repo.file_type != APTRepositoryFileType::Sources {
+        bail!("not a .sources repository");
+    }
+
+    if !repo.comment.is_empty() {
+        for line in repo.comment.lines() {
+            writeln!(w, "#{}", line)?;
+        }
+    }
+
+    let type_strings = repo
+        .types
+        .iter()
+        .map(|package_type| String::from(*package_type))
+        .collect::<Vec<String>>();
+
+    writeln!(w, "Types: {}", type_strings.join(" "))?;
+    writeln!(w, "URIs: {}", repo.uris.join(" "))?;
+    writeln!(w, "Suites: {}", repo.suites.join(" "))?;
+    writeln!(w, "Components: {}", repo.components.join(" "))?;
+
+    for option in repo.options.iter() {
+        writeln!(w, "{}: {}", option.key, option.values.join(" "))?;
+    }
+
+    writeln!(w)?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/src/types.rs b/src/types.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a95daf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/types.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+use std::convert::{From, TryFrom};
+
+use anyhow::{bail, Error};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+use proxmox::api::api;
+
+#[api()]
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
+pub enum APTRepositoryFileType {
+    /// One-line-style format
+    List,
+    /// DEB822-style format
+    Sources,
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<&str> for APTRepositoryFileType {
+    type Error = Error;
+
+    fn try_from(string: &str) -> Result<Self, Error> {
+        match &string[..] {
+            "list" => Ok(APTRepositoryFileType::List),
+            "sources" => Ok(APTRepositoryFileType::Sources),
+            _ => bail!("invalid file type '{}'", string),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<APTRepositoryFileType> for String {
+    fn from(file_type: APTRepositoryFileType) -> String {
+        match file_type {
+            APTRepositoryFileType::List => "list".to_string(),
+            APTRepositoryFileType::Sources => "sources".to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[api()]
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
+pub enum APTRepositoryPackageType {
+    /// Debian package
+    Deb,
+    /// Debian source package
+    DebSrc,
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<&str> for APTRepositoryPackageType {
+    type Error = Error;
+
+    fn try_from(string: &str) -> Result<Self, Error> {
+        match &string[..] {
+            "deb" => Ok(APTRepositoryPackageType::Deb),
+            "deb-src" => Ok(APTRepositoryPackageType::DebSrc),
+            _ => bail!("invalid file type '{}'", string),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<APTRepositoryPackageType> for String {
+    fn from(package_type: APTRepositoryPackageType) -> String {
+        match package_type {
+            APTRepositoryPackageType::Deb => "deb".to_string(),
+            APTRepositoryPackageType::DebSrc => "deb-src".to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[api(
+    properties: {
+        Key: {
+            description: "Option key.",
+            type: String,
+        },
+        Values: {
+            description: "Option values.",
+            type: Array,
+            items: {
+                description: "Value.",
+                type: String,
+            },
+        },
+    },
+)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "PascalCase")] // for consistency
+/// Additional options for an APT repository.
+/// Used for both single- and mutli-value options.
+pub struct APTRepositoryOption {
+    /// Option key.
+    pub key: String,
+    /// Option value(s).
+    pub values: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+#[api(
+    properties: {
+        Types: {
+            description: "List of package types.",
+            type: Array,
+            items: {
+                type: APTRepositoryPackageType,
+            },
+        },
+        URIs: {
+            description: "List of repository URIs.",
+            type: Array,
+            items: {
+                description: "Repository URI.",
+                type: String,
+            },
+        },
+        Suites: {
+            description: "List of distributions.",
+            type: Array,
+            items: {
+                description: "Package distribution.",
+                type: String,
+            },
+        },
+        Components: {
+            description: "List of repository components.",
+            type: Array,
+            items: {
+                description: "Repository component.",
+                type: String,
+            },
+        },
+        Options: {
+            type: Array,
+            optional: true,
+            items: {
+                type: APTRepositoryOption,
+            },
+        },
+        Comment: {
+            description: "Associated comment.",
+            type: String,
+            optional: true,
+        },
+        Path: {
+            description: "Path to the defining file.",
+            type: String,
+        },
+        Number: {
+            description: "Line or stanza number.",
+            type: Integer,
+        },
+        FileType: {
+            type: APTRepositoryFileType,
+        },
+        Enabled: {
+            description: "Whether the repository is enabled or not.",
+            type: Boolean,
+        },
+    },
+)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "PascalCase")]
+/// Describes an APT repository.
+pub struct APTRepository {
+    /// List of package types.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    pub types: Vec<APTRepositoryPackageType>,
+    /// List of repository URIs.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    #[serde(rename = "URIs")]
+    pub uris: Vec<String>,
+    /// List of package distributions.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    pub suites: Vec<String>,
+    /// List of repository components.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    pub components: Vec<String>,
+    /// Additional options.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    pub options: Vec<APTRepositoryOption>,
+    /// Associated comment.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "String::is_empty")]
+    pub comment: String,
+    /// Path to the defining file.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "String::is_empty")]
+    pub path: String,
+    /// Line or stanza number.
+    pub number: usize,
+    /// Format of the defining file.
+    pub file_type: APTRepositoryFileType,
+    /// Whether the repository is enabled or not.
+    pub enabled: bool,
+}
+
+impl AsRef<APTRepository> for APTRepository {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> &APTRepository {
+        &self
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/repositories.rs b/tests/repositories.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..020e133
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/repositories.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+use anyhow::{bail, format_err, Error};
+
+use proxmox_apt::repositories::{repositories_from_files, write_repositories};
+use proxmox_apt::types::APTRepository;
+
+#[test]
+fn test_parse_write() -> Result<(), Error> {
+    let test_dir = std::env::current_dir()?.join("tests");
+    let read_dir = test_dir.join("sources.list.d");
+    let write_dir = test_dir.join("sources.list.d.actual");
+    let expected_dir = test_dir.join("sources.list.d.expected");
+
+    let mut paths = Vec::<PathBuf>::new();
+    for entry in std::fs::read_dir(read_dir)? {
+        paths.push(entry?.path());
+    }
+
+    let repos = repositories_from_files(&paths)?;
+
+    // used to mess up the order from parsing and to check that each repo has a
+    // unique path:number
+    let mut repo_hash = HashMap::<String, APTRepository>::new();
+
+    for mut repo in repos {
+        let path = PathBuf::from(repo.path);
+        let new_path = write_dir.join(path.file_name().unwrap());
+
+        repo.path = new_path.into_os_string().into_string().unwrap();
+
+        let key = format!("{}:{}", repo.path, repo.number);
+
+        if repo_hash.insert(key.clone(), repo).is_some() {
+            bail!("key '{}' is not unique!", key);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if write_dir.is_dir() {
+        std::fs::remove_dir_all(&write_dir)
+            .map_err(|err| format_err!("unable to remove dir {:?} - {}", write_dir, err))?;
+    }
+
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&write_dir)
+        .map_err(|err| format_err!("unable to create dir {:?} - {}", write_dir, err))?;
+
+    let repos_vec: Vec<&APTRepository> = repo_hash.values().collect();
+    write_repositories(&repos_vec)?;
+
+    let mut expected_count = 0;
+
+    for entry in std::fs::read_dir(expected_dir)? {
+        expected_count += 1;
+
+        let expected_path = entry?.path();
+        let actual_path = write_dir.join(expected_path.file_name().unwrap());
+
+        let expected_contents = std::fs::read(&expected_path)
+            .map_err(|err| format_err!("unable to read {:?} - {}", expected_path, err))?;
+
+        let actual_contents = std::fs::read(&actual_path)
+            .map_err(|err| format_err!("unable to read {:?} - {}", actual_path, err))?;
+
+        assert_eq!(expected_contents, actual_contents);
+    }
+
+    let actual_count = std::fs::read_dir(write_dir)?.count();
+
+    assert_eq!(expected_count, actual_count);
+
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/tests/sources.list.d.expected/multiline.sources b/tests/sources.list.d.expected/multiline.sources
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91f53c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/sources.list.d.expected/multiline.sources
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# comment in here
+Types: deb deb-src
+URIs: http://ftp.at.debian.org/debian
+Suites: buster buster-updates
+Components: main contrib
+Languages: it de fr
+Enabled: false
+
diff --git a/tests/sources.list.d.expected/options_comment.list b/tests/sources.list.d.expected/options_comment.list
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0952e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/sources.list.d.expected/options_comment.list
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# comment
+deb [ lang=it,de arch=amd64 ] http://ftp.at.debian.org/debian buster main contrib
+
diff --git a/tests/sources.list.d.expected/pbs-enterprise.list b/tests/sources.list.d.expected/pbs-enterprise.list
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..acb2990
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/sources.list.d.expected/pbs-enterprise.list
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+deb https://enterprise.proxmox.com/debian/pbs buster pbs-enterprise
+
diff --git a/tests/sources.list.d.expected/pve.list b/tests/sources.list.d.expected/pve.list
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..127a49a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/sources.list.d.expected/pve.list
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian buster main contrib
+
+deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian buster-updates main contrib
+
+# PVE pve-no-subscription repository provided by proxmox.com,
+# NOT recommended for production use
+deb http://download.proxmox.com/debian/pve buster pve-no-subscription
+
+# deb https://enterprise.proxmox.com/debian/pve buster pve-enterprise
+
+# security updates
+deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib
+
diff --git a/tests/sources.list.d.expected/standard.list b/tests/sources.list.d.expected/standard.list
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..63c1b60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/sources.list.d.expected/standard.list
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+deb http://ftp.at.debian.org/debian buster main contrib
+
+deb http://ftp.at.debian.org/debian buster-updates main contrib
+
+# security updates
+deb http://security.debian.org buster/updates main contrib
+
diff --git a/tests/sources.list.d.expected/standard.sources b/tests/sources.list.d.expected/standard.sources
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56ce280
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/sources.list.d.expected/standard.sources
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Types: deb
+URIs: http://ftp.at.debian.org/debian
+Suites: buster buster-updates
+Components: main contrib
+
+# security updates
+Types: deb
+URIs: http://security.debian.org
+Suites: buster/updates
+Components: main contrib
+
diff --git a/tests/sources.list.d/multiline.sources b/tests/sources.list.d/multiline.sources
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3a1ff0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/sources.list.d/multiline.sources
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Types: deb deb-src
+URIs: http://ftp.at.debian.org/debian
+Suites: buster buster-updates
+# comment in here
+Components: main contrib
+Languages: it
+ de
+	fr
+Enabled: off
diff --git a/tests/sources.list.d/options_comment.list b/tests/sources.list.d/options_comment.list
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3f4112
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/sources.list.d/options_comment.list
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+deb [ lang=it,de arch=amd64 ] http://ftp.at.debian.org/debian buster main contrib # comment
+
diff --git a/tests/sources.list.d/pbs-enterprise.list b/tests/sources.list.d/pbs-enterprise.list
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f8763c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/sources.list.d/pbs-enterprise.list
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+deb https://enterprise.proxmox.com/debian/pbs buster pbs-enterprise
diff --git a/tests/sources.list.d/pve.list b/tests/sources.list.d/pve.list
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6213f72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/sources.list.d/pve.list
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian buster main contrib
+deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian buster-updates main contrib
+
+# PVE pve-no-subscription repository provided by proxmox.com,
+# NOT recommended for production use
+deb http://download.proxmox.com/debian/pve buster pve-no-subscription
+# deb https://enterprise.proxmox.com/debian/pve buster pve-enterprise
+
+# security updates
+deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib
diff --git a/tests/sources.list.d/standard.list b/tests/sources.list.d/standard.list
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..26db887
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/sources.list.d/standard.list
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+deb http://ftp.at.debian.org/debian buster main contrib
+
+deb http://ftp.at.debian.org/debian buster-updates main contrib
+
+# security updates
+deb http://security.debian.org buster/updates main contrib
diff --git a/tests/sources.list.d/standard.sources b/tests/sources.list.d/standard.sources
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..605202e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/sources.list.d/standard.sources
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Types: deb
+URIs: http://ftp.at.debian.org/debian
+Suites: buster buster-updates
+Components: main contrib
+
+# security updates
+Types: deb
+URIs: http://security.debian.org
+Suites: buster/updates
+Components: main contrib
-- 
2.20.1






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